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Statement of Principles

Dislocation of a joint and subluxation of a joint — DVA SoP factors

Every factor in the Repatriation Medical Authority Statements of Principles for Dislocation of a joint and subluxation of a joint. DVA can only accept a claim for Dislocation of a joint and subluxation of a joint if at least one of these factors is met and connected to your service. Reasonable Hypothesis (RH) applies to operational service; Balance of Probabilities (BoP) applies to peacetime service.

Source: Repatriation Medical Authority Statements of Principles as held by the Veterans Health Centre. SoPs are amended and replaced regularly; always confirm the current instrument at rma.gov.au before relying on it.

Dislocation of a joint and subluxation of a joint

RH No. 55 of 2019 · BoP No. 56 of 201919 factors

Meaning of dislocation of a joint and subluxation of a joint: For the purposes of this Statement of Principles: (a) dislocation of a joint means an episode of displacement of a joint such that there is complete loss of contact between the articulating surfaces of the bones or internal joint prosthesis; and (b) subluxation of a joint means an episode of displacement of a joint such that there is partial loss of contact between the articulating surfaces of the bones or internal joint prosthesis; and (c) dislocation of a joint and subluxation of a joint includes: (i) joint dissociation; and (ii) dislocation or subluxation at a synchondrosis, syndesmosis or an internal joint prosthesis; and (d) dislocation of a joint and subluxation of a joint excludes spondylolisthesis, congenital dislocation or subluxation, recurrent dislocation or subluxation due to joint instability, and loosening or migration of an internal joint prosthesis.

Reasonable Hypothesis (RH) — Statement of Principles No. 55 of 2019

At least one of the following factors must as a minimum exist before it can be said that a reasonable hypothesis has been raised connecting dislocation of a joint or subluxation of a joint or death from dislocation of a joint or subluxation of a joint with the circumstances of a person's relevant service:

  1. (1)
    having physical trauma to the affected joint at the time of the clinical onset of dislocation of a joint or subluxation of a joint;

    Note: Examples of activities and circumstances involving trauma to the affected joint include, but are not limited to, falls, collisions, lifting weights, push ups, pull ups, throwing objects, seizure and electrical injury.

  2. (2)
    having damage to a soft tissue structure as specified at the time of the clinical onset of dislocation of a joint or subluxation of a joint;

    Note: soft tissue structure as specified is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.

  3. (3)
    having a fracture, avulsion or bony abnormality involving the articulating surfaces of the affected joint, at the time of the clinical onset of dislocation of a joint or subluxation of a joint;

    Note: Examples of conditions which can cause a bony abnormality include, but are not limited to, osteonecrosis, dysbaric osteonecrosis and femoroacetabular impingement.

  4. (4)
    having a disease process as specified affecting the normal structural or functional relationship between the articulating surfaces of the affected joint at the time of the clinical onset of dislocation of a joint or subluxation of a joint;

    Note: disease process as specified is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.

  5. (5)
    being pregnant within the six weeks before the clinical onset of dislocation of a joint or subluxation of a joint;
  6. (6)
    for dislocation of a temporomandibular joint or subluxation of a temporomandibular joint only, undertaking an activity or undergoing a medical procedure that involves wide opening of the mouth at the time of the clinical onset of dislocation of a joint or subluxation of a joint;

    Note: Examples of activities which may involve wide mouth opening include, but are not limited to, yawning, laughing, vomiting, coughing, and chewing large pieces of food.

    Note: Examples of medical procedures that involve wide mouth opening include, but are not limited to, dental procedures, direct laryngoscopy, and intravenous administration of medications which cause drug-induced yawning.

  7. (7)
    for dislocation of a patellofemoral joint only, being obese at the time of the clinical onset of dislocation of a joint;

    Note: being obese is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.

  8. (8)
    for dislocation of a tibiofemoral joint or subluxation of a tibiofemoral joint only, being severely obese at the time of the clinical onset of dislocation of a joint or subluxation of a joint;

    Note: being severely obese is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.

  9. (9)
    for dislocation of a total hip joint prosthesis only: (a) being obese at the time of the clinical onset of dislocation of a joint; or (b) having lumbar spondylosis, lumbar intervertebral disc prolapse, lumbar spondylolisthesis, lumbar spinal stenosis or lumbar spinal fusion at the time of the clinical onset of dislocation of a joint;

    Note: being obese is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.

  10. (10)
    for dislocation of a total knee joint prosthesis only, having morbid obesity at the time of the clinical onset of dislocation of a joint;
  11. (11)
    inability to obtain appropriate clinical management for dislocation of a joint or subluxation of a joint;

Aggravation-only factors: the factors in subsection 9(11) apply only to material contribution to, or aggravation of, the condition where it was suffered or contracted before or during (but did not arise out of) the person’s relevant service.

Balance of Probabilities (BoP) — Statement of Principles No. 56 of 2019

8 factors

At least one of the following factors must exist before it can be said that, on the balance of probabilities, dislocation of a joint or subluxation of a joint or death from dislocation of a joint or subluxation of a joint is connected with the circumstances of a person's relevant service:

  1. (1)
    having physical trauma to the affected joint at the time of the clinical onset of dislocation of a joint or subluxation of a joint;

    Note: Examples of activities and circumstances involving trauma to the affected joint include, but are not limited to, falls, collisions, lifting weights, push ups, pull ups, throwing objects, seizure and electrical injury.

  2. (2)
    having damage to a soft tissue structure as specified at the time of the clinical onset of dislocation of a joint or subluxation of a joint;

    Note: soft tissue structure as specified is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.

  3. (3)
    having a fracture, avulsion or bony abnormality involving the articulating surfaces of the affected joint, at the time of the clinical onset of dislocation of a joint or subluxation of a joint;

    Note: Examples of conditions which can cause a bony abnormality include, but are not limited to, osteonecrosis, dysbaric osteonecrosis and femoroacetabular impingement.

  4. (4)
    having a disease process as specified affecting the normal structural or functional relationship between the articulating surfaces of the affected joint at the time of the clinical onset of dislocation of a joint or subluxation of a joint;

    Note: disease process as specified is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.

  5. (5)
    for dislocation of a temporomandibular joint or subluxation of a temporomandibular joint only, undertaking an activity or undergoing a medical procedure that involves wide opening of the mouth at the time of the clinical onset of dislocation of a joint or subluxation of a joint;

    Note: Examples of activities which may involve wide mouth opening include, but are not limited to, yawning, laughing, vomiting, coughing, and chewing large pieces of food.

    Note: Examples of medical procedures that involve wide mouth opening include, but are not limited to, dental procedures, direct laryngoscopy, and intravenous administration of medications which cause drug-induced yawning.

  6. (6)
    for dislocation of a tibiofemoral joint or subluxation of a tibiofemoral joint only, having morbid obesity at the time of the clinical onset of dislocation of a joint or subluxation of a joint;
  7. (7)
    for dislocation of a total hip joint prosthesis only: (a) being obese at the time of the clinical onset of dislocation of a joint; or (b) having lumbar spondylosis, lumbar intervertebral disc prolapse, lumbar spondylolisthesis, lumbar spinal stenosis or lumbar spinal fusion at the time of the clinical onset of dislocation of a joint;

    Note: being obese is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.

  8. (8)
    inability to obtain appropriate clinical management for dislocation of a joint or subluxation of a joint;

Aggravation-only factors: the factors in subsection 9(8) apply only to material contribution to, or aggravation of, the condition where it was suffered or contracted before or during (but did not arise out of) the person’s relevant service.

A VHC Diagnostic Assessment addresses each of these factors one by one against your service record and clinical history. See how a VHC DVA claim works, see all fees ($600 + GST per stage) or book an appointment.

Accepted — what is it worth?

A Statement of Principles decides one thing only: whether DVA accepts liability for dislocation of a joint and subluxation of a joint. It says nothing about how much you are paid. Compensation is worked out separately, from impairment points under the GARP — so a condition can be accepted and still rate few points, or rate more than you expect once it is combined with everything else on your file.

Presumptive liability · from 1 July 2026

Dislocation of a joint or subluxation of a joint may be accepted without proving the link to service

Dislocation of a joint or subluxation of a joint is listed in Part 2 of the determination as attributable to defence service, provided the criteria below are met.

  • Qualifying service: Any defence service.
    Onset: during the qualifying service.

A diagnosis is still required, and the presumption may not apply where there is clear evidence of a cause other than service. "Onset" means when an injury was sustained, or when all the signs and symptoms of a disease were first present — not the date of diagnosis. Applies to claims made on or after 1 July 2026.

How presumptive liability works →

Part of DVA Claims — Bones & joints — every Statement of Principles covering the bones and joints.

Others in this area:

Dr Thomas Perkins, Veterans Health Centre

Reviewed by Dr Thomas Perkins

Founding doctor, Veterans Health Centre · former RAAF aviation medical officer · 13 years working exclusively with ADF members and veterans. Full profile →